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Microsoft SharePoint - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Microsoft SharePoint is a Web application platform developed by Microsoft. First launched in 2001, SharePoint has historically been associated with intranet, content management and document management, but recent versions have significantly broader capabilities.
SharePoint comprises a multipurpose set of Web technologies backed by a common technical infrastructure. By default, SharePoint has a Microsoft Office-like interface, and it is closely integrated with the Office suite. The web tools are designed to be usable by non-technical users. SharePoint can be used to provide intranet portals, document & file management, collaboration, social networks, extranets, websites, enterprise search, and business intelligence. It also has system integration, process integration, and workflow automation capabilities.
Enterprise application software (e.g. ERP or CRM packages) often provide some SharePoint integration capability, and SharePoint also incorporates a complete development stack based on web technologies and standards-based APIs. As an application platform, SharePoint provides central management, governance, and security controls for implementation of these requirements. The SharePoint platform integrates directly into IIS - enabling bulk management, scaling, and provisioning of servers, as is often required by large organizations or cloud hosting providers.
According to Microsoft, SharePoint is used by 78% of Fortune 500 companies. Between 2006 to 2011, Microsoft sold over 36.5 million user licenses. Microsoft has two versions of SharePoint available at no cost, but it sells premium editions with additional functionality, and provides a cloud service edition as part of their Office 365 platform (previously BPOS). The product is also sold through a cloud model by many third-party vendors.
The SharePoint wheel |
In Microsoft advertisement material the "SharePoint Wheel" describes what they consider the SharePoint's tools can facilitate inside organizations. The wheel refers to six outcomes:
Sites: A site is a contextual work environment. Once SharePoint is configured, these sites can be created without any requirement for specialized knowledge. A context for a site may be organization-wide, or it may be specific to an individual team or group.
Communities: A community is a place where communication and understanding happens. Communities can occur around any context, and will typically develop around either shared knowledge, or shared activities (such as collaboration).
Content: SharePoint provides management of documents and work items that need to be stored, found, collaborated on, updated, managed, documented, archived, traced or restored - in accordance with relevant compliance or governance policies.
Search: Look for relevant communities, content, people, or sites: search is based on keywords, refinement, and content analysis.
Insights: Information from any part of the organization can be surfaced inside useful contexts, providing information that can improve effectiveness.
Composites: SharePoint enables no-code integration of data, documents and processes to provide composite applications ("mash-ups" based on internal data).
Applications |
The most common uses of SharePoint include:
Intranet portal |
A SharePoint intranet or intranet portal is a way to centralize access to enterprise information and applications on a corporate network. It is a tool that helps a company manage its data, applications and information more easily. This has organizational benefits such as increased employee engagement, centralizing process management, reducing new staff on-boarding costs, and providing the means to capture and share tacit knowledge (e.g. via tools such as wikis/blogs).
Enterprise content and document management |
SharePoint is often used to store and track electronic documents or images of paper documents. It is usually also capable of keeping track of the different versions created by different users. In addition to being a platform for digital record management systems that meet government and industry compliance standards, SharePoint also provides the benefit of a central location for storing and collaborating on documents, which can significantly reduce emails and duplicated work in an organization.
Extranet sites |
SharePoint can be used to provide password-protected, web-facing access to people outside an organization. Organizations often use functionality like this to integrate third parties into supply chain or business processes, or to provide a shared collaboration environment.
SharePoint provides an Alternative Access Mapping, or AAM, which allows the same 'site' to be surfaced via a number of different URLs, each URL can have its own authentication technology allowing the same site to be both an intranet on one network while an extranet to outside users.
Internet sites |
Using the 'Publishing' features, SharePoint can be used to manage larger public websites.
Software Framework |
SharePoint is built upon the ASP.Net framework and provides an additional layer of services and codebase to greatly reduce the amount of custom development required to provide a working solution. It may also be referred to as a web application framework.
Configuration and customization
Web-based configuration |
SharePoint offers a ribbon user-interface that is similar to Microsoft Office 2007 and later. This interface provides a general user interface for manipulating data, page editing ability, and the ability to add functionality to sites.
Manipulate content in lists & libraries, pages and sites.
Copy, create, delete, or rename lists & libraries, pages, sites and web-parts
Manage user permissions, and view document/page version histories
Manage definitions and properties of lists & libraries, pages, sites and web-parts & many others
SharePoint Designer |
Integration & Development Models |
The SharePoint 'Client Object Model' (available for JavaScript, Silverlight, and .NET), and REST/SOAP APIs can be referenced from within a custom page or feature.
Core functionality
Sites |
A SharePoint Site is a collection of pages, site templates, lists, and libraries configured for the purpose of achieving an express goal. A site may contain sub-sites, and those sites may contain further sub-sites. Typically, sites need to be created from scratch, but sites can also be created according to packaged functionality. Examples of Site templates in SharePoint include: blogs, collaboration (team) sites, documents, and meetings.
Lists & libraries |
Lists & libraries have the same properties. This could be considered similar to a database table. For instance, you can have a list of links called "my links", where each item has a URL, a name, and a description.
Lists have many features such as workflows, item-level or list-level permission, version history tracking, multiple content-types, external data sources and many more features. Some of these features depend on the version of SharePoint that is installed.
Compliance, standards and integration |
SharePoint integrates with Microsoft Office 2007 and 2010. "Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007" (MOSS 2007), the previous version of SharePoint, was considered part of the Microsoft Office Suite.
SharePoint uses Microsoft's OpenXML document standard for integration with Microsoft Office. Document metadata is also stored using this format.
SharePoint 2010 provides various application programming interfaces (APIs: client-side, server-side, JavaScript) and REST, SOAP and OData based interfaces.
Architecture |
The SharePoint platform is a flexible, n-tier service-oriented architecture (SOA).
It can be scaled down to operate entirely from one machine, or scaled up to be managed across hundreds of machines.
SharePoint Resource(s) ... MS (Microsoft)
Microsoft SharePoint Designer 2007 - 79Q-00007
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The Office SharePoint Designer 2007 from Microsoft is designed to provide you with tools to automate your business processes, build efficient applications on top of the Microsoft ... $58.13
SharePoint Server 2013 Standard Add-On User CAL (Open Business with Software Assurance |
Free shipping ... $435.00
Visual Studio 2012 Professional (Promotional)
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122 results like Microsoft SharePoint Designer 2007 - 79Q-00007, SharePoint Server 2013 Standard Add-On User CAL (Open Business with Software ...
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... How To SharePoint Web Resources.
So, I’ve been hanging out a bit in the SharePoint subreddit and I was asked what companies do if they need custom forms and cannot do custom development.
The normal answer would be to use InfoPath, but let’s face it, even with a very sympathetic sales rep, you’re still looking at thousands of dollars in license fees alone, not to mention that you’d still need to develop, test, and maintain those forms.
There are some third party alternatives like Nintex Forms, but it is still going to be thousands of dollars worth of licenses. The free and open-source alternatives I’ve seen haven’t impressed me so far.
Building custom forms in SharePoint shouldn’t be hard, though. In my SPInvoice solution, I have a form that looks like an invoice, with support for adding invoice rows and all, and it took me less than a day to get it running, and that included having to learn a bit about SPServices and JavaScript.
The method used in SPInvoice, though, isn’t complicated even if the results are stunning. In fact, give me a few minutes of your time to show you this video, and you’ll see what I mean.
In SPInvoice, I’m using far more complex techniques to accomplish some goals that may not be required for most forms. The underlying technique of getting the form to work, however, doesn’t need custom WSP development at all. It does require HTML, a bit of JavaScript including jQuery and SPServices, and you’ll need to setup a content type and a list to hold the submitted form data.
All of the techniques shown here rely on SharePoint Designer and a bit of know-how only; no custom development, no external dependencies, no programming required (unless you count copy-pasting some jQuery code programming).
For any PDF form, for example, or Word, or other applications that produce forms, you should be able to convert those forms into HTML using their respective applications and then tweak the HTML code to make it work with this method.
>> Read more >>
In order to do these things correctly, and to ensure adoption, an organization has to possess a broad array of skills that fall into the following categories:
IT Pro
Information Architecture
Software Development
Evangelist & Trainer
The IT Pro’s job is to set up and configure the platform which requires, at a minimum, a firm understanding of hardware, virtualization, Windows Server, IIS, Active Directory, SQL Server and SharePoint (configuration and administration).
With SharePoint 2010, PowerShell gets added to required skill list, unless you use a design and deployment product such as SharePoint Composer.
>> Learn more >>
The core of SharePoint is something called Windows SharePoint Services, or WSS, and is included free with Windows Server 2003 SP1 and as a role in Windows Server 2008. No additional software license purchase required, no user CALs required. When most of us think of SharePoint, we think of the paid for version (license and CALs), SharePoint Server (Standard and Enterprise versions). But both SharePoint Server Standard and Enterprise simply add functionality on top of what WSS already provides. Some of the features not part of WSS, that are in SharePoint Server, may be critical to your needs, so a software purchase may be in your future. Or you may be able to start by using WSS and upgrade later to the more feature rich paid for version. Let’s take a quick look at what WSS provides to help get you started down the path leveraging SharePoint.
1. Collaboration: At its core, SharePoint is about enabling collaboration, which is why many of the collaboration features in SharePoint are part of the free WSS. Standard templates for setting up team sites, document workspaces, meeting workspaces, wiki's and blogs are all in WSS. Managing people and group lists, calendars, email integration, project tasks, surveys are there as well. Document collaboration, something that's essential in most collaboration situations I encounter, are in WSS for checking in and out documents, version number tracking, workflow processes, and auditing.
Amazingly enough, all these things are included in WSS for free (with Windows Server 2003 and 2008) and can get you pretty far down the road with SharePoint. The collaboration features are the biggest area where WSS and SharePoint Server overlap.
2. Search: One of the most powerful features of SharePoint are its search capabilities. WSS provides basic search features to retrieve SharePoint content. What's not included are additional advanced search features, like searching other enterprise content sources (Exchange Public Folders, 3rd party repositories, and interfaces to 3rd party apps, called BDCs), search relevance for improving search, people search, and better indexing and administrative controls.
3. Content Management: Many of the content management features are part of the paid for SharePoint Server, but WSS still provides important, fundamental features like storing and archiving approved file types, access control and security, logging of actions, workflow processes to define expiration, and customizable policies.
What WSS doesn't provide and SharePoint Server does are more sophisticated document workflow, templates for large document management sites, retention policies, integration with Microsoft Information Management Rights, content authoring, publishing and deployment (i.e. automated and scheduled content publishing, such as on a web site or portal.)
4. Handy Stuff: Things you'll want and enjoy as part of WSS are integration with Microsoft Office (Outlook, Work, Excel, PowerPoint and Access), user alerts, RSS feeds, automatic notifications, Web Parts for customizing pages, list indexing, document libraries and administrative features (backup and restore, for example.)
Other features only in SharePoint Server.
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Probably the biggest feature you'll miss that SharePoint Server has over WSS are the portal capabilities. Beyond the basic team and document site pages, portals allow you to deliver individualized portals, distribution lists to users and audiences, and use more extensive portal Web Parts and templates. As you get into more internal, extranet, intranet and custom portal sites (such as for business intelligence or other uses), you’ll start to miss having SharePoint Server’s additional portal capabilities.
One of the big gains by upgrading to SharePoint Server is the forms capabilities. With InfoPath Forms Services, now a part of SharePoint, you can create a wide variety (and some pretty sophisticated) web-based forms, which can be used to create a wide variety of apps in SharePoint.
There are also wizards for creating and importing forms, making it quicker to develop SharePoint forms-based apps.
>> Learn more >>
Project Management
Help Desk
Document Approval and Routing
HR Onboarding
Forms Management
The trick to building these types of solutions is to have a good solid foundation of the various tools that can be utilized and understanding when to best use each of them.
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plus - Similar software; if you've done these, you can do SharePoint. Also, if you need Alternative to Microsoft SharePoint for whatever reason ...
Explore 64 apps like Microsoft SharePoint, all suggested and ranked by the AlternativeTo user community.
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Why do you need a Microsoft SharePoint Alternative?
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You Don’t Need Microsoft SharePoint, You Need Collaboration Technology
Today, executives are pressed from all quarters. New realities like outsourcing, off-shoring, distributed teams and telecommuting require them to work with distributed teams, vendors, partners and clients. On the other hand, business is increasingly information driven and “social” which necessitates a greater need for communication, collaborative teamwork and information exchange. This underlines the importance of collaboration technology for running an efficient business.
At the turn of this century, enterprise collaboration became synonymous with Microsoft Sharepoint, because it was the most prominent solution around (There were “SharePoint alternatives” like HyperOffice around even then, but they didn’t have MS’s visibility and clout).
However, SharePoint was crafted for a very specific segment - big businesses with thousands of employees and mega IT budgets.
Enterprise information technology has also advanced since then, most specifically the software-as-a-service approach, which allows SMBs access to big business on-premise software like MS SharePoint, through simply a net connection and at low cost. SharePoint has tried to keep up with the changes with its subsequent avatars – SharePoint 2003, SharePoint 2007, and SharePoint Online. Is SharePoint 2010, the latest version, any better? Well, "SharePoint 2010 may be overkill for some", says a recent Forrester study.
Although SharePoint has whetted the appetite of businesses for enterprise 2.0 (the next generation of enterprise collaboration software), it fails to keep up, as Thomas Vander Wal famously said in his 2009 article. This is especially true for growing businesses.
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Why do You Need a SharePoint Alternative?
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Whether it is SharePoint Server 2003, 2007, or its recent avtaar, SharePoint Server 2010, the costs and complexities of SharePoint are simply too much for most small and mid sized customers to bear. Even the terminology is enough to make your head spin - SharePoint Foundation, Server, Services, Portal, Sites WSS, MOSS!
SharePoint requires expensive hardware, multiple SharePoint Server licenses, and "SharePoint experts" to install and maintain it. Costs often run into tens of thousands of dollars, and implementation runs into months. That is the reason many SMBs are looking for an alternative, and even enterprises are looking to replace SharePoint.
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See more Open Source Alternatives To Microsoft SharePoint |
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SharePoint 2010 is a bit better than its predecessor in regard to vendor lock-in. SharePoint 2007 required ActiveX controls, shutting out everybody on Macs and Linux. SharePoint 2010 isn’t as restricted, and even works in a limited fashion on iPads and iPhones.
Also, SharePoint 2010 also limits browser choice. While you can work with SharePoint 2010 with Firefox or Safari, they aren’t treated as “first class” browsers for SharePoint 2010. Only Internet Explorer (later than IE6, which has been rightfully deprecated) can exploit all of SharePoint’s features. Note that even some features in 2010 require ActiveX controls that are not available for 64-bit versions of IE.
The Drupal tagline is “community plumbing,” which is an apt description of the project. Drupal alone is useful for developing websites, intranets, blogs, and the like. However, Drupal’s real power is in its developer community and the thousands of modules that extend the CMS’ functionality. Your organization’s developers can extend the platform or simply take advantage of Drupal’s existing add-ons. With the modules on Drupal.org, you can add file management, e-commerce functionality, LDAP authentication; you name it, it’s probably been added to Drupal.
It can be a bit of a beast to tame. Drupal’s user interface is, charitably, best described as “unintuitive.” This is something that’s been acknowledged by the Drupal community, and it’s one of the focal points of the Drupal 7 development cycle (which should be complete by autumn of this year). Drupal’s APIs are not universally loved by developers, either. In short, Drupal has its flaws,but it’s very widely and successfully used and for all manner of content management.
Drupal is written in PHP and licensed under the GNU General Public License. It runs on Apache or Microsoft IIS, uses MySQL, PostgreSQL, or Microsoft SQL Server, and PHP 4.4.0 or higher. Because the Drupal community has tried to push towards compatibility with PHP 5.x, many modules may require PHP 5.x or better even if Drupal runs on 4.4.x.
Commercial support for Drupal is available through a number of vendors, most notably through Acquia, a company run by Drupal founder Dries Buytaert.
If SharePoint is part of your infrastructure, consider keeping it in check and using an open source solution for new deployments. Don’t try to rip and replace, but if you need a new Web site for the organization, use Drupal. Need a records management solution for a department not yet using SharePoint? Roll it out using Alfresco instead of SharePoint.
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Explore 16 apps like Microsoft Sharepoint Designer, all suggested and ranked by the AlternativeTo user community.
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Don't see the one your looking for? Let us know! Got SharePoint Web Resources yourself? Lets add it to the SharePoint Web Resource NetWork! Let us know: ... yours Today! Learn more > about the Resource Network, or about Us ...
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